Lateral hypocenter variations lead to small effects such as delayed wave arrival of up to 100 s and differences in tsunami amplitude of up to 0.4 m at the coast. Albeit dynamic earthquakes differ (rupture speed, peak slip-rate, fault slip, bimaterial effects), the effects of hypocentral depth (25–40 km) on tsunami dynamics are negligible.
Large-scale fault topography leads to localized up- or downdip propagating supershear rupture depending on hypocentral depth. We first vary the location of the hypocenter to generate 12 distinct unilateral and bilateral propagating earthquake scenarios. We analyze a total of 15 subduction-initialized 3D dynamic rupture-tsunami scenarios in which the tsunami source arises from the time-dependent co-seismic seafloor displacements with flat bathymetry and inundation on a linearly sloping beach. Here we link tsunami generation, propagation, and coastal inundation with 3D earthquake dynamic rupture (DR) models initialized using a 2D seismo-thermo-mechanical geodynamic (SC) model simulating both subduction dynamics and seismic cycles. Physics-based dynamic rupture models capture the variability of earthquake slip in space and time and can account for the structural complexity inherent to subduction zones. 6Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.5Institute of Geophysics and Tectonics, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.4Observatório Sismológico, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.3Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.2Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Geophysics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.Madden 4, Iris van Zelst 5, Lukas Krenz 3, Ylona van Dinther 6 and Leonhard Rannabauer 3
Sara Aniko Wirp 1 *, Alice-Agnes Gabriel 1,2, Maximilian Schmeller 3, Elizabeth H.
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